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leave的用法總結(jié)(leave的常用搭配)

—Are you going to have a holiday this year?

—I’d love to. I can’t wait to leave this place___________.

A. off B. out C. behind D. over

解析:本題考查以動(dòng)詞leave為中心詞的短語(yǔ)搭配。根據(jù)答句可以看出,意思是“等不及要去度假”,換句話說(shuō),就是“等不及要離開這個(gè)地方”。短語(yǔ)leave behind有“把……丟在后面”的意思,與句意吻合,故選C。leave behind還有“留下,忘帶,遺留”的意思;leave out“遺漏,省略,忽略”;leave over“留下, 剩下,把……留待以后處理”。

leave 是一個(gè)活用詞??梢宰髅~、動(dòng)詞,而作動(dòng)詞又可以作及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞,在實(shí)際運(yùn)用過(guò)程中又涉及時(shí)態(tài)、搭配等問(wèn)題,筆者擬結(jié)合部分歷年高考試題,根據(jù)其不同的意思,主要對(duì)其作動(dòng)詞的用法進(jìn)行剖析。

英 [li:v] 美 [liv]

vt.

離開;遺棄;忘了帶;交托

vt.& vi.

離去;出發(fā);舍棄

n.

準(zhǔn)假;假期;辭別;許可

一、表示“離開”,作及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞。

1. 表示“離開某地”用leave +地點(diǎn)名詞,如:

He left Beijing yesterday.他昨天離開北京。

[VN] I hate leaving home.

我討厭離開家。

The plane leaves Heathrow at 12.35.

飛機(jī)于12:35在希思羅機(jī)場(chǎng)起飛

My secretary has threatened to leave.

我的秘書以辭職相要挾。

[VN] Some children leave school at 16.

有些學(xué)生16歲就離校了。

2. 表示“到某地”與介詞for連用,即leave for+地點(diǎn)名詞,如:

Tom was going to leave for Liverpool.湯姆打算出發(fā)去利物浦。

The plane leaves for Dallas at 12.35.

飛機(jī)于12:35起飛前往達(dá)拉斯。

3. 表示“離開某地(人)到某地去(為了某人)”,用leave… for…,如:

He decided to leave Qingdao for New York.

他決定離開青島到紐約去。

She’s leaving him for another man.

她要拋棄他去跟另一個(gè)男人。

特別提示

1. leave是瞬間動(dòng)詞,用于完成時(shí)中,不可與表示時(shí)間段的狀語(yǔ)連用,如“史密斯先生已經(jīng)

離開這兒5年了”應(yīng)譯作:

Mr Smith has been away for five years. 或:It is five years since Mr Smith left here.

2. 可以用其現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái),主要用于車、船、飛機(jī)等按時(shí)刻規(guī)定的時(shí)間開往某地。如:

The train leaves at five o’clock.火車5點(diǎn)離站。

Excuse me, can you tell me when the bus leaves?

勞駕,這列火車什么時(shí)候離站?

3. 同go , start, arrive, come等表示位移的動(dòng)詞一樣,可以用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái),如:

He is leaving Beijing next week. 他下周要離開北京。

No one knew when he was leaving for New York.

當(dāng)時(shí)沒(méi)有人知道他什么時(shí)候到紐約去。

二、作使役動(dòng)詞時(shí),意思是“讓……處于某種狀態(tài)”,可以跟復(fù)合賓語(yǔ),用副詞、形容詞、名詞、介詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞、不定式等作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如:

1. (天津2004.34)Don’t leave the water ______ while you brush your teeth.

A. run B. running C. being run D. to run

解析: leave作使役動(dòng)詞,跟現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),表示當(dāng)時(shí)使某事物或人處于某種狀態(tài)中。根據(jù)句意“刷牙時(shí)不要讓水一直流著”可知是指當(dāng)時(shí)的情形,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)。選B。

2. (安徽春招2003)—Why did you go back to the shop?

—I left my friend______there.

A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. waits

3. Leave the television on.讓電視機(jī)開著。(別關(guān)電視。)(副詞作賓補(bǔ))

4. He went out leaving the door open. 他走了,門開著。(形容詞作賓補(bǔ))

經(jīng)典例句:

The bomb blast left 25 people dead.

那顆炸彈炸死了25個(gè)人

Salter drove off, leaving Callendar surveying the scene.

索爾特開車走了,剩下卡倫德勘查現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。

He’s asked for a month’s leave.

他已請(qǐng)了一個(gè)月的假。

Don’t leave her waiting outside in the rain.

別讓她在外邊雨里等著。

Leave the rice to cook for 20 minutes.

把大米煮20分鐘。

I’m afraid you leave me no choice.

恐怕你沒(méi)給我留下選擇的余地。

Seven from ten leaves three.

10減7得3。

You can leave the cooking to me.

你可以把做飯的事交給我。

She left her assistant in charge.

她委托助手來(lái)負(fù)責(zé)。

Leave it with me ─I’m sure I can sort it out.

把這事留給我吧——我一定會(huì)解決的。

‘Where shall we eat?’ ‘I’ll leave it entirely (up) to you (= you can decide) .’

“我們上哪兒吃去?”“我全交給你來(lái)決定好了。”

They left me with all the clearing up.

他們把什么都留給我來(lái)收拾。

[VN to inf] I was left to cope on my own.

就剩下我一個(gè)人來(lái)單獨(dú)對(duì)付

Leave go of my arm─you’re hurting me!

放開我的手臂——你把我弄痛了!

She knew that she had left childhood behind.

她知道童年已一去不復(fù)返了。

Start reading from where you left off last time.

從上次停下來(lái)的地方接著讀吧。

[+ -ing] He left off playing the piano to answer the door.

他停止彈鋼琴,應(yīng)門去了。

You’ve left off a zero.

你漏掉了一個(gè)零。

We left him off the list.

我們未把他列入名單

Leave me out of this quarrel, please.

請(qǐng)別把我牽扯進(jìn)這場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)吵。

He hadn’t been asked to the party and was feeling very left out.

他未被邀請(qǐng)參加聚會(huì),感到頗受冷落。

With a nod and a smile, she took leave of her friends.

她點(diǎn)頭微笑著向朋友告辭。

leave behind

1永久離開;拋下 2留下;余留 3把…拋在后面;超過(guò)

leave off

1剔除,排除(在名單之外) 2停止,中斷(做某事)

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